Charles,

Of course Oct. 7th was horrific.

But to act surprised beggars belief...and not just because the IDF had a year long advance notice, or was warned by Egypt twice, but because oppression creates extremism.

As to the shock?

To those who can read intelligently and have researched history, the pushback comes as no shock.

António Guterres, the ninth UN Secretary-General perhaps said it best, that the Hamas attack, "...did not happen in a vacuum.”